Health

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a condition in which long-term memory is lost through the widespread loss of nerve cells in specific parts of the brain. Furthermore, the disorder may acquire behavioral or emotional symptoms if cell death gets slightly less-targeted over time.

Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer that affects the plasma cells located in the bone marrow of the body. During an infection, when B cells or B lymphocytes mature, they become plasma cells, which, in turn, are responsible for the production of antibodies or immunoglobulins. Therefore, multiple myeloma is a condition when these plasma cells grow uncontrollably and become cancerous, also producing abnormal proteins like monoclonal immunoglobulin.

Some bacteria, known as superbugs, have become resistant to even the latest forms of antibiotics, and are regarded as one of the most severe threats to public health, today. The World Health Organization (WHO) maintains a list of these superbugs, with strains such as multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at the top of it.

Nanomedicine is a rapidly maturing sub-discipline of medicine based on the delivery of substances (mostly drugs) that are packaged into nanoparticles for delivery that may be improved, more targeted or both compared to traditional routes (e.g., metabolism following the consumption of oral formulations).

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating condition currently thought to affect as many as 17 million people worldwide. As the name suggests, it is characterized by consistent, unrelenting tiredness, which can render a patient bed-bound. While some groups and researchers contend that this condition is legitimate, others assert that CFS is based on psychological components only.

Not long ago, a scandal surrounding the claims made on the part of the genetic scientist, He Jiankui, made headlines. It involved public announcements of the successful editing of the genome in a pair of twin girls born as a result of in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Conditions such as schizophrenia and autism can be difficult to treat and manage, over a lifetime. This may be because scientists' understanding of these conditions has been incomplete, i.e., the treatment could have been unsatisfactory or less than effective for certain patients.

Royal jelly is of potential interest to researchers in the areas of regenerative medicine and science. This compound is secreted by honey bees (Apis mellifera) and functions to transform ordinary bee larvae into queen bees. This process is most likely done by certain molecules in the jelly, which is known to act in an epigenetic manner.

A fascinating case report in the New England Journal of Medicine has highlighted just how much the lungs can be affected in conditions such as heart failure. They can cause clots made of blood, mucus, or both to accumulate in the branching structures that normally supply the organs with oxygen. These objects can even be coughed up as the patient’s system tries to expel the blockage from the lungs.

Mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) is a particularly pervasive and treatment-resistant form of blood cancer. It makes up about 5% of all known leukemia cases and may have an onset in infancy.

Depression is an often-chronic mental health condition long acknowledged and recognized by official psychiatric categorical systems such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5 (DSM-5).

Mitochondria are typically viewed as the ‘power station’ of the body. They are tiny cellular sub-units that supply cells with energy in the form of ATP. Mitochondria and their functions are so important that they have their own personal genome. This DNA is present in a singular ring (like that of a bacterium) and codes for essential mitochondrial proteins.